Spatial Repellency
Mosquito spatial repellency testing for products that protect spaces without direct contact.
Carroll-Loye Biological Research evaluates spatial repellency using controlled laboratory, large-scale indoor, semi-field, and field systems designed to measure insect avoidance without requiring direct contact. These assays support products such as coils, candles, passive and active emitters, treated materials, and attractant-based devices.
Our testing platforms generate data to support:
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Spatial repellency
Quantify avoidance responses across space and time.
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Area-of-Protection claims
Define the effective protection zone and coverage radius.
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Repellency duration
Measure the persistence of repellency over time under realistic use.
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Species-specific efficacy
Evaluate performance across target species and populations.
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Product comparisons
Compare multiple products and formats under the same conditions
From controlled screening to field validation
Indoor Spatial Repellency & Avoidance
Controlled aquatic exposure studies using mosquito larvae and, where appropriate, non-target aquatic invertebrates such as daphnia or scuds.
Indoor Free-Flying & Large-Scale Systems
axis cage assays (in-plume response), flight chamber assays for large-scale indoor repellency and attractant device evaluation, and wind tunnel assays for spatial plume and emitter evaluation.
Semi-Field Repellency
Tent assays for catch-and-release behavioral evaluation and tent assays for knockdown.
Field Repellency
Perimeter repellency assays, multi-device repellency assays, and push-pull system evaluation using emitters, attractants, and integrated devices.